89$/KG
Product Detailed Description
Liposomal L-Isoleucine 80% is a premium-grade dietary supplement ingredient delivering L-isoleucine in an advanced liposomal delivery system. L-Isoleucine (CAS 73-32-5), also known as 2-amino-3-methylvaleric acid or α-amino-β-methylvaleric acid, is an essential branched-chain amino acid with the molecular formula C₆H₁₃NO₂ and a molecular weight of 131.17 g/mol. It occurs as white to off-white crystals, shiny flakes, or a crystalline powder, and is soluble in water (approximately 41.2 mg/mL at 25°C) and soluble in 1 M hydrochloric acid forming a clear, colorless solution. L-Isoleucine is one of the three BCAAs, along with leucine and valine, and is characterized by a branched aliphatic side chain. It is an isomer of L-leucine, differing in the position of the side chain: in L-isoleucine, the methyl group is on the β-carbon of the amino acid chain, rather than the γ-carbon as in L-leucine. L-Isoleucine is biosynthesized from threonine through the formation of α-ketobutyrate and is degraded to acetyl CoA and propionyl CoA.
L-Isoleucine is classified as an essential amino acid because the human body cannot synthesize it, requiring dietary intake. The most important dietary sources are meat, dairy products, eggs, soy protein, and legumes. L-Isoleucine plays a critical role in muscle tissue repair, cellular energy production, and hemoglobin formation, and also functions as a glucogenic amino acid that helps regulate blood glucose levels. Isoleucine provides a source of nitrogen for transport to the liver and kidney.
Conventional L-isoleucine presents significant formulation and bioavailability challenges. Traditional crystalline amino acids rely on specific, saturable active transport systems in the brush border membrane of the small intestine. When high doses of standard BCAAs are ingested, these carrier proteins quickly become saturated, leaving a substantial portion of the amino acids unabsorbed. Furthermore, isoleucine competes with leucine and valine for both absorption in the gut and entry into muscle tissue, which can limit its availability when supplemented in isolation or imbalanced ratios. Free-form BCAAs often present poor water solubility, severe bitterness, and mucosal irritation.
Liposomal encapsulation provides four critical advantages:
1. Enhanced Encapsulation and Retention — A stability study evaluating liposomal nanovesicles loading isoleucine-containing bioactive peptides demonstrated that the encapsulation efficiency of isoleucine-proline-proline (IPP) in liposomal vesicles was maximized through optimized preparation methods. The phospholipidic nanovesicles, produced by modified ethanol injection-microchannel technique, were smaller with lower polydispersity index than non-ionic surfactant vesicles, demonstrating the technical feasibility of efficient isoleucine encapsulation within liposomal carriers.
2. Biomimetic Absorption Mechanism — Liposomal L-isoleucine utilizes a biomimetic delivery mechanism to circumvent the saturable transport barriers of the small intestine. Because the outer surface of the liposome mimics the phospholipid bilayer of cell membranes, liposomes are absorbed through lipid-mediated pathways and endocytosis, bypassing the competitive BCAA transporter system entirely.
3. Improved Formulation Stability and Taste Profile — Liposomal microencapsulation provides taste-masking, reducing the bitterness and mucosal irritation associated with free-form BCAAs. The liposomal matrix also enhances formulation stability, making it ideal for use in powders, capsules, liquid sachets, and functional beverages.
4. Balanced BCAA Delivery — Liposomal encapsulation ensures efficient delivery of isoleucine in balance with other BCAAs. Research suggests that leucine taken alone may actually be more anabolic than leucine taken with isoleucine and valine, due to competition for both absorption in the gut and entry into muscle tissue. Liposomal L-isoleucine ensures that this essential BCAA is delivered efficiently, supporting balanced BCAA availability for muscle metabolism.
| Field | Details |
|---|---|
| Product Name | Liposomal L-Isoleucine 80% |
| CAS No. | 73-32-5 |
| Active Ingredient | L-Isoleucine |
| Assay Method | USP titration method: Dissolve 130 mg of isoleucine in 3 mL of formic acid and 50 mL of glacial acetic acid. Titrate with 0.1 N perchloric acid VS using potentiometric endpoint detection. Perform a blank determination. Each mL of 0.1 N perchloric acid is equivalent to 13.12 mg of C₆H₁₃NO₂. Acceptance criteria: 98.5%–101.5% on the dried basis. Alternative: HPLC-UV with C18 column and gradient elution of phosphate buffer (pH 7.4, 10 mM) and acetonitrile; UV detection at 225 nm without derivatization |
| Purity | ≥ 80% L-isoleucine (HPLC); USP/EP/JP grade assay 98.5%–101.5% on dried basis available |
| Appearance / Color | White to off-white crystals, shiny flakes, or crystalline powder |
| Odor | Practically odorless |
| Solubility | Soluble in water (approximately 41.2 mg/mL at 25°C); soluble in 1 M HCl forming a clear, colorless solution; slightly soluble in hot alcohol |
| Dosage Form | Liposomal powder, water-dispersible |
| Recommended Dosage | 48–72 mg per kg body weight per day for general support; commercial products typically provide 450 mg per serving in BCAA formulations |
| Application | Muscle protein synthesis, muscle recovery, exercise performance, muscle soreness reduction, hemoglobin formation, blood glucose regulation, Energy Metabolism |
| Extract Source | Fermentation-derived (Corynebacterium glutamicum or Escherichia coli metabolically engineered strains); sunflower phospholipid liposomal carrier system |
| Molecular Formula | C₆H₁₃NO₂ |
| Molecular Weight | 131.17 g/mol |
| Melting Range | 283–293°C |
| Specific Rotation | +38.9° to +41.8° |
| Lead Time | In stock: 3–5 business days; Bulk/custom orders: 2–3 weeks |
| Shipping Method | International Express (FedEx / DHL / UPS); air and sea freight available; worldwide shipping including remote areas |
| Storage | Store below 30°C in a cool, dry place away from direct sunlight and moisture; keep container tightly sealed. Shelf life: 24 months |
| Packaging | 1 kg/aluminum foil bag with two plastic bags inside; 25 kg/carton or fiber drum with aluminum foil bag inside |
High Purity — Standardized to ≥80% L-isoleucine, with USP/EP/JP grade assay of 98.5%–101.5% on dried basis available.
Liposomal Enhancement — Liposomal nanovesicle encapsulation demonstrated high encapsulation efficiency for isoleucine-containing peptides, with optimized preparation methods maximizing loading capacity.
Muscle Growth and Protein Synthesis — Isoleucine is essential for muscle growth and protein synthesis, and it may aid in muscle recovery.
Muscle Soreness Reduction — When isoleucine is taken as part of a BCAA supplement, it seems to reduce post-exercise muscle soreness and markers of muscle damage.
Endurance and Muscle Repair — L-Isoleucine is known for its ability to help endurance and assist in the repair and rebuilding of muscle.
Hemoglobin Formation and Glucose Regulation — Isoleucine is needed for hemoglobin formation and helps regulate blood glucose levels.
Complete Taste-Masking — Liposomal microencapsulation reduces the bitterness and mucosal irritation associated with free-form BCAAs.
Water-Dispersible — Suitable for capsules, tablets, powder drink mixes, and functional beverages.
Batch Traceability — Complete COA, HPLC chromatogram, and identity data provided for each batch.
| Application | Recommended Usage | Notes |
|---|---|---|
| Capsules / Tablets | 450 mg per serving | 1–2 capsules daily with meals; commercial BCAA formulations typically provide 450 mg isoleucine per serving |
| Functional Beverages | 200–400 mg per 250 mL | Water-dispersible; suitable for RTD formats |
| Powdered Drink Mixes | 500–1,000 mg per sachet | Best absorbed when taken 30 minutes before eating or sleeping |
| Sports Nutrition Formulas | 48–72 mg/kg body weight per day | Often combined with leucine and valine at a 2:1:1 ratio |
| Muscle Recovery Formulas | 450–900 mg per serving | Often combined with other BCAAs and electrolytes |
The standard dosage for isoleucine is 48–72 milligrams per kilogram of bodyweight, assuming a non-obese person. For a 70 kg adult, this equates to approximately 3,360–5,040 mg per day. A combination dose is 20 grams of combined BCAAs, with a balanced ratio of leucine and isoleucine. Commercial BCAA supplements typically provide 450 mg of L-isoleucine per serving, with a recommended intake of 3 capsules daily during meals. The WHO has derived similar recommendations of 20 mg isoleucine per kg body weight per day. For general muscle support, the standard dosage of 48–72 mg/kg body weight is commonly used. Amino acids are best absorbed when taken half an hour before eating or sleeping. Liposomal formulations may allow for more efficient utilization of lower doses due to enhanced bioavailability.
Stock Orders: 3–5 business days after payment confirmation.
Bulk / Custom Orders: 2–3 weeks, depending on quantity and customization requirements.
Shipping Methods: International Express (FedEx, DHL, UPS), air freight, and sea freight.
Coverage: Worldwide shipping, including remote areas.
L-Isoleucine Encyclopedia — Scientific Background
L-Isoleucine (CAS 73-32-5), also known as 2-amino-3-methylvaleric acid or α-amino-β-methylvaleric acid, is an essential branched-chain amino acid with the molecular formula C₆H₁₃NO₂ and a molecular weight of 131.17 g/mol. It occurs as white to off-white crystals, shiny flakes, or a crystalline powder, and is practically odorless. L-Isoleucine is soluble in water (approximately 41.2 mg/mL at 25°C) and soluble in 1 M hydrochloric acid forming a clear, colorless solution. It is slightly soluble in hot alcohol. L-Isoleucine is a member of the branched-chain amino acid family, along with leucine and valine, and is characterized by a branched aliphatic side chain. It is an isomer of L-leucine, differing in the position of the side chain: in L-isoleucine, the methyl group is on the β-carbon of the amino acid chain, rather than the γ-carbon as in L-leucine.
L-Isoleucine is an essential amino acid with several critical physiological roles:
Muscle Protein Synthesis — Isoleucine is essential for muscle growth and protein synthesis. As a BCAA, it participates in the initiation and regulation of protein synthesis in muscle tissue, particularly under conditions of metabolic stress or injury.
Muscle Recovery and Soreness Reduction — Isoleucine helps promote muscle recovery after exercise and, when taken as part of a BCAA supplement, seems to reduce post-exercise muscle soreness and markers of muscle damage.
Energy Metabolism — Isoleucine is actually broken down for energy within the muscle tissue. It is a glucogenic amino acid that can contribute to glucose production during fasting or intense exercise.
Hemoglobin Formation — Isoleucine is needed for hemoglobin formation, supporting oxygen transport and cellular respiration.
Blood Glucose Regulation — Isoleucine helps regulate blood glucose levels, contributing to metabolic homeostasis.
Nitrogen Transport — Isoleucine provides a source of nitrogen for transport to the liver and kidney.
L-Isoleucine is biosynthesized from threonine through the formation of α-ketobutyrate and is degraded to acetyl CoA and propionyl CoA. The BCAA metabolic pathway is regulated by the branched-chain α-ketoacid dehydrogenase complex (BCKDH), which determines the rate of BCAA oxidation and energy production. Isoleucine is metabolized primarily in skeletal muscle, where it is broken down for energy within the muscle tissue.
L-Isoleucine is transported into muscle cells via the L-type amino acid transporter (LAT1), which it shares with leucine and valine. This shared transport system creates competition among the three BCAAs. Research suggests that leucine taken alone may actually be more anabolic than leucine taken with isoleucine and valine, due to competition for both absorption in the gut and entry into muscle tissue. This underscores the importance of balanced BCAA supplementation and efficient delivery of each BCAA.
L-Isoleucine is a glucogenic amino acid, meaning its carbon skeleton can be converted into glucose through gluconeogenesis. This property makes isoleucine particularly valuable during periods of fasting, low carbohydrate intake, or high-intensity exercise, when the body requires alternative sources of glucose to sustain energy metabolism. Isoleucine also helps regulate blood glucose levels, contributing to metabolic homeostasis.
Isoleucine is needed for hemoglobin formation, supporting oxygen transport and cellular respiration throughout the body.
Despite its essential physiological functions, native L-isoleucine presents significant absorption challenges. Traditional crystalline amino acids rely on specific, saturable active transport systems in the brush border membrane of the small intestine. When high doses of standard BCAAs are ingested, these carrier proteins quickly become saturated, leaving a substantial portion of the amino acids unabsorbed. This unabsorbed payload is either degraded by intestinal microflora or eliminated, resulting in low systemic bioavailability. Furthermore, isoleucine competes with leucine and valine for both absorption in the gut and entry into muscle tissue, which can limit its availability when supplemented in isolation or imbalanced ratios. Free-form BCAAs often present poor water solubility, severe bitterness, and mucosal irritation.
liposomal encapsulation addresses these limitations through a phospholipid bilayer that protects L-isoleucine during digestive transit and provides an alternative absorption pathway that bypasses the competitive BCAA transporter.
Liposomal encapsulation of L-isoleucine provides a fundamentally different delivery mechanism from conventional forms. The phospholipid bilayer surrounds the L-isoleucine molecule, forming a protective shell that enhances stability, absorption, and cellular uptake. This delivery system:
Achieves high encapsulation efficiency for isoleucine-containing peptides, with liposomal nanovesicles demonstrating smaller size and lower polydispersity index than alternative vesicle systems
Bypasses saturable intestinal transporters through lipid-mediated absorption
Reduces bitterness and mucosal irritation associated with free-form BCAAs
Enhances formulation stability for use in powders, capsules, and liquid sachets
Liposomal L-isoleucine is an advanced, microencapsulated BCAA engineered for superior biological performance and enhanced formulation stability. By applying biopharmaceutical-grade liposomal technology, the active L-isoleucine molecules are enveloped within a highly stable phospholipid bilayer structure. This biomimetic matrix shields the active payload throughout digestion, delivering the amino acid directly to target tissues with optimal efficiency.
A comprehensive review published in the Journal of Animal Science and Biotechnology examined the relationship between BCAA supplementation and muscle protein synthesis. The review noted that BCAAs, including leucine, isoleucine, and valine, are essential for protein synthesis. Leucine, in particular, acts as a key activator of the mammalian target of rapamycin (mTOR), stimulating muscle protein synthesis, inhibiting protein degradation, and promoting muscle growth. However, the review also noted that studies show supplementation of BCAAs alone does not increase muscle growth, as all essential amino acids must be present for muscle protein synthesis to occur.
A meta-analysis of randomized controlled trials published in Nutrients (2021) evaluated whether BCAA supplementation attenuates muscle damage markers and soreness after resistance exercise in trained males. The study found that when isoleucine is taken as part of a BCAA supplement, it seems to reduce post-exercise muscle soreness and markers of muscle damage. Isoleucine is essential for muscle growth and protein synthesis, and it may aid in muscle recovery.
The USP monograph for isoleucine specifies a resolution of not less than 2.0 between the isoleucine and leucine peaks in related compounds testing, ensuring accurate quantification and purity assessment. The product meets the requirements of the current USP, European Pharmacopoeia, Japanese Pharmacopoeia, and British Pharmacopoeia testing specifications.
L-Isoleucine is generally well tolerated at commonly used doses. The standard dosage for isoleucine is 48–72 milligrams per kilogram of bodyweight for general support. A no-observed-adverse-effect level (NOAEL, chronic) of 925 mg per kg body weight has been established. The WHO recommends 20 mg isoleucine per kg body weight per day. L-Isoleucine is a naturally occurring amino acid and is considered safe when consumed as part of a normal diet or as a dietary supplement at recommended doses.
Regulatory status varies by region:
United States — L-Isoleucine is Generally Recognized As Safe (GRAS) by the FDA under 21 CFR § 582.5381 when used in accordance with good manufacturing or feeding practice. It is listed with FEMA Number 4675 and JECFA Number 2118, and is regulated under 21 CFR 172.320 for use as a food additive. It is affirmed by the US FDA as GRAS and widely accepted as a safe food additive in many countries.
European Union — L-Isoleucine is authorized for use in food and feed in EU member states.
Japan — L-Isoleucine is monographed in the Japanese Pharmacopoeia (JP) with an assay specification of 98.5%–101.5% on dried basis.
Global Standards — L-Isoleucine is monographed in the USP, European Pharmacopoeia, Japanese Pharmacopoeia, British Pharmacopoeia, and Food Chemicals Codex (FCC). It meets USP 41–NF 36, EP 9.0, JP 17, and BP 2016 testing specifications.
Testing protocols must adhere to international standards including USP, European Pharmacopoeia, and FAO/WHO Codex Alimentarius. Formulators should verify local regulatory requirements prior to market entry.
This product is intended for research, nutraceutical, and functional food applications. Not intended to diagnose, treat, cure, or prevent any disease.
89$/KG
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