78$/KG
Product Detailed Description
liposomal L-Citrulline 80% is a premium-grade dietary supplement ingredient delivering L-citrulline in an advanced liposomal delivery system. L-Citrulline (CAS 372-75-8), also known as (2S)-2-amino-5-(carbamoylamino)pentanoic acid, is a non-proteinogenic α-amino acid with the molecular formula C₆H₁₃N₃O₃ and a molecular weight of 175.19 g/mol . It is a white crystalline powder that is soluble in water and is derived from ornithine through the catabolism of proline, glutamine, and glutamate, or obtained through the arginine-citrulline pathway .
L-Citrulline is a central intermediate in the urea cycle and serves as a precursor to L-arginine, which is subsequently converted to nitric oxide (NO) by endothelial nitric oxide synthase (eNOS). Because L-citrulline is not metabolized by arginase—the enzyme that degrades L-arginine in the liver and intestine—it provides a more efficient route for elevating plasma L-arginine and supporting NO production . NO is a critical signaling molecule that regulates vascular tone, blood flow, and endothelial function.
Conventional L-citrulline presents formulation challenges. As a highly polar amino acid, it competes with other amino acids for transport across the intestinal epithelium. While L-citrulline is more bioavailable than L-arginine, optimizing its delivery can further enhance its therapeutic potential.
Liposomal encapsulation provides four critical advantages:
1. Enhanced Absorption and Bioavailability — Liposomal encapsulation protects L-citrulline from premature metabolism in the gastrointestinal tract and facilitates efficient cellular uptake via lipid-mediated pathways. This delivery mechanism complements the amino acid transport pathways utilized by free L-citrulline.
2. Protection from First-Pass Metabolism — The phospholipid bilayer shields L-citrulline from enzymatic degradation, preserving its intact structure until reaching optimal absorption sites in the small intestine. This is particularly important because L-citrulline‘s primary advantage over L-arginine is its ability to bypass hepatic arginase metabolism.
3. Sustained Release for Balanced Nitric Oxide Support — Liposomal delivery provides a sustained-release profile that maintains steady plasma amino acid levels, supporting balanced and prolonged NO production rather than a sharp peak followed by rapid decline. Studies demonstrate that L-citrulline is converted to L-arginine in the kidneys, providing a time-release effect that is more effective than direct L-arginine supplementation .
4. Water-Dispersible Formulation — Liposomal L-citrulline powder offers excellent dispersibility in water, forming a uniform suspension suitable for functional beverages and liquid formulations.
High Purity — Standardized to ≥80% L-citrulline, with USP-grade assay of 98.5%–101.0% available .
Liposomal Enhancement — Phospholipid bilayer encapsulation protects L-citrulline from first-pass metabolism and enhances intestinal absorption through lipid-mediated pathways.
Superior to L-Arginine — L-Citrulline is not metabolized by arginase, the enzyme that degrades L-arginine in the liver and intestine, making it a more effective precursor for elevating plasma L-arginine and supporting NO production .
Clinically Studied for Vascular Function — A study in patients with heart failure with preserved ejection fraction (HFpEF) demonstrated that 7-day L-citrulline administration (6 g/day) improved brachial artery endothelium-dependent vasodilation, upper and lower limb microvascular function, and physical capacity .
Clinically Studied for Erectile Function — A randomized, double-blind, placebo-controlled trial in men with mild erectile dysfunction demonstrated that 1.5 g/day of L-citrulline for 1 month improved Erection Hardness Score from 2.4 to 3.1 .
Clinically Studied for Metabolic Health — A randomized clinical trial in obese adolescents with MASLD demonstrated that L-citrulline supplementation alone decreased the degree of hepatic steatosis (p = 0.038) .
Water-Soluble — Suitable for capsules, tablets, powder drink mixes, and functional beverages.
Batch Traceability — Complete COA, HPLC chromatogram, and identity data provided for each batch.
Clinical studies have evaluated L-citrulline across a range of doses. A pharmacokinetic study in healthy volunteers used single doses of 3–15 g, with peak L-arginine levels occurring approximately 1 hour post-dose and lasting up to 6 hours . A randomized controlled trial in men with mild erectile dysfunction used 1.5 g/day for 1 month . A study in HFpEF patients used 6 g/day (3 g twice daily) for 7 days . A randomized clinical trial in obese adolescents with MASLD used L-citrulline supplementation for 12 weeks . Commercial products typically recommend mixing 1–2 scoops (5–12 g) with any drink daily, with or without food . For exercise performance, 1–2 servings are taken prior to workout .
Important Safety Information: L-Citrulline is generally safe for most healthy adults. Reported side effects are mild and may include upset stomach, diarrhea (at high doses), and mild headache . Caution is advised when taking L-citrulline with blood pressure medication, nitrates, or PDE5 inhibitors due to potential additive effects on blood pressure . Individuals with low blood pressure or heart-related conditions should consult a healthcare professional before use.
Stock Orders: 3–5 business days after payment confirmation.
Bulk / Custom Orders: 2–3 weeks, depending on quantity and customization requirements.
Shipping Methods: International Express (FedEx, DHL, UPS), air freight, and sea freight.
Coverage: Worldwide shipping, including remote areas.
L-Citrulline Encyclopedia — Scientific Background
L-Citrulline (CAS 372-75-8), also known as (2S)-2-amino-5-(carbamoylamino)pentanoic acid, is a non-proteinogenic α-amino acid with the molecular formula C₆H₁₃N₃O₃ and a molecular weight of 175.19 g/mol . It is a white crystalline powder that is soluble in water. L-Citrulline is derived from ornithine through the catabolism of proline, glutamine, and glutamate, or obtained through the arginine-citrulline pathway involving L-arginine . It is a central intermediate in the urea cycle and is naturally present in watermelon, cucumbers, pumpkins, and other cucurbitaceae foods .
| Property | Value |
|---|---|
| CAS No. | 372-75-8 |
| Molecular Formula | C₆H₁₃N₃O₃ |
| Molecular Weight | 175.19 g/mol |
| Appearance | White to off-white crystalline powder |
| Solubility | Soluble in water |
| Purity (USP) | 98.5%–101.0% |
L-Citrulline offers a significant pharmacokinetic advantage over L-arginine for supporting nitric oxide production. The oral bioavailability of L-arginine is reduced by the enzyme arginase in the liver and enterocytes, which metabolizes L-arginine into urea and ornithine . In contrast, L-citrulline is not metabolized by arginase. Instead, L-citrulline is converted to L-arginine in the kidneys by the enzyme argininosuccinate lyase, providing a more sustained and efficient elevation of plasma L-arginine levels . Studies have demonstrated that the combination of L-arginine with L-citrulline is more effective than L-arginine supplementation alone, and that L-arginine is released more evenly over time because L-citrulline must first be metabolized to L-arginine in the kidneys .
L-Citrulline is converted to L-arginine, which serves as the substrate for endothelial nitric oxide synthase (eNOS) to produce nitric oxide (NO). NO diffuses from the endothelium into the smooth muscle of blood vessels, where it activates soluble guanylate cyclase, leading to reduced calcium activity in the vessel wall and vasodilation . NO regulates blood pressure, dilates blood vessels, improves oxygen supply to small vessels, and facilitates cardiac muscle performance .
L-Citrulline is a central intermediate in the urea cycle, where it is produced from ornithine and carbamoyl phosphate and subsequently converted to argininosuccinate and then to L-arginine. This pathway is essential for the detoxification of ammonia and the synthesis of L-arginine.
A randomized clinical trial in obese adolescents with MASLD demonstrated that L-citrulline supplementation alone decreased the degree of hepatic steatosis . The study also showed that combined HIIT and L-citrulline supplementation improved non-HDL cholesterol, VLDL cholesterol, triglycerides, and VO2peak .
A study published in the Journal of Applied Physiology evaluated the efficacy of 7-day L-citrulline administration (6 g/day) on peripheral vascular and physical function in patients with heart failure with preserved ejection fraction (HFpEF). The study demonstrated that L-citrulline administration improved brachial artery endothelium-dependent vasodilation, upper and lower limb microvascular function, and physical capacity in patients with HFpEF . The L-arginine to ADMA ratio improved nearly 4-fold following L-citrulline administration .
A randomized, double-blind, placebo-controlled trial evaluated oral L-citrulline in 24 men with mild erectile dysfunction. Participants received 1.5 g of L-citrulline daily for 1 month, with improvement in Erection Hardness Score (EHS) from 2.4 to 3.1 (on a 0–4 scale) . The study concluded that a small but well-controlled trial showed meaningful gains in erection firmness with minimal risk .
A double-blind, placebo-controlled, randomized clinical trial evaluated the combined effects of L-citrulline supplementation and high-intensity interval training (HIIT) in 44 adolescents with MASLD and obesity. The study demonstrated that L-citrulline alone decreased the degree of hepatic steatosis (p = 0.038), while HIIT + L-citrulline improved non-HDL cholesterol, VLDL cholesterol, triglycerides, and VO2peak .
An open-label pilot study in 41 obese asthmatics demonstrated that 15 g/day of L-citrulline for 2 weeks increased fractional excretion of NO (FeNO) by 4.2 ppb, improved asthma control questionnaire scores by −0.46 points, and increased forced vital capacity by 86 mL .
Despite its advantages over L-arginine, native L-citrulline presents formulation challenges. The compound is highly polar, which limits passive diffusion across biological membranes. While L-citrulline is more bioavailable than L-arginine, optimizing its delivery can further enhance its therapeutic potential.
liposomal encapsulation addresses these limitations through a phospholipid bilayer that protects L-citrulline during digestive transit and provides an alternative absorption pathway that bypasses competitive amino acid transport. Liposomal delivery provides a sustained-release profile that maintains steady plasma amino acid levels, supporting balanced and prolonged NO production.
Liposomal encapsulation of L-citrulline provides a fundamentally different delivery mechanism from conventional forms. The phospholipid bilayer surrounds the L-citrulline molecule, forming a protective shell that enhances stability, absorption, and cellular uptake. This delivery system:
Protects L-citrulline from premature metabolism in the gastrointestinal tract
Enhances intestinal absorption through lipid-mediated pathways
Provides sustained release for prolonged nitric oxide support
Enhances water dispersibility for use in aqueous formulations
L-Citrulline is generally safe for most healthy adults. Reported side effects are mild and may include upset stomach, diarrhea (at high doses), and mild headache . Caution is advised when taking L-citrulline with blood pressure medication, nitrates, or PDE5 inhibitors due to potential additive effects on blood pressure . Individuals with low blood pressure or heart-related conditions should consult a healthcare professional before use.
L-Citrulline is widely commercialized as a dietary supplement ingredient and food additive. It is monographed in the USP, European Pharmacopoeia, and Japanese Pharmacopoeia. Testing protocols must adhere to international standards including USP, European Pharmacopoeia, and FAO/WHO Codex Alimentarius. Formulators should verify local regulatory requirements prior to market entry.
This product is intended for research, nutraceutical, and functional food applications. Not intended to diagnose, treat, cure, or prevent any disease.
78$/KG
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