59$/KG
Product Detailed Description
Liposomal Ferrous Citrate 80% is a premium-grade dietary supplement ingredient delivering ferrous citrate in an advanced liposomal delivery system. Ferrous citrate (CAS 23383-11-1), also known as iron(II) citrate or iron(2+) 2-hydroxy-1,2,3-propanetricarboxylate, is the ferrous salt of citric acid. It is chemically characterized by the molecular formula C₆H₆FeO₇ and a molecular weight of 245.95 g/mol. It is typically a white to slightly colored crystalline solid or powder.
Ferrous citrate provides iron in the more readily absorbed Fe²⁺ state, making it a compound of particular therapeutic interest compared to its oxidized counterpart, ferric citrate (iron(III) citrate). The citrate anion enhances iron's bioavailability while minimizing side effects, and the compound was designed to address the limitations of earlier iron salts that were poorly absorbed and often caused gastrointestinal discomfort. Iron is an essential trace mineral required for hemoglobin synthesis, oxygen transport, electron transfer, and numerous enzymatic reactions.
Conventional ferrous citrate, while already offering superior bioavailability compared to many inorganic iron salts, still faces challenges related to its relative instability in air and the regulated nature of intestinal iron absorption.
Liposomal encapsulation provides four critical advantages:
1. Oxidation Protection — Ferrous citrate is unstable in the presence of air and can oxidize to the ferric (Fe³⁺) form, which is less readily absorbed. The phospholipid bilayer shields the ferrous iron from oxygen and preserves its bioactive state until reaching absorption sites.
2. Gastric Protection — The liposomal phospholipid bilayer is similar to cell membranes in the human body. It protects the iron-citrate complex from premature interaction with gastric contents and dietary inhibitors, preserving its intact structure until reaching optimal absorption sites in the small intestine.
3. Enhanced Cellular Uptake — liposomes fuse directly with intestinal cell membranes, facilitating efficient cellular delivery via lipid-mediated pathways. A study demonstrated that ferric citrate liposomes prepared by rotary-evaporated film-ultrasonication achieved a 54% increase in serum iron levels compared to free ferric citrate.
4. Reduced Gastrointestinal Side Effects — Ferrous citrate is noted for its enhanced bioavailability and reduced gastrointestinal side effects compared to other iron salts. Liposomal encapsulation further minimizes direct contact between iron and the gastrointestinal mucosa, improving tolerability for individuals who cannot tolerate other iron supplements.
| Field | Details |
|---|---|
| Product Name | Liposomal Ferrous Citrate 80% |
| CAS No. | 23383-11-1 |
| Active Ingredient | Ferrous Citrate (Iron(II) Citrate) |
| Assay Method | Iodometric redox titration: sample dissolved in acid, potassium iodide added, liberated iodine titrated with standardized sodium thiosulfate (0.1 N); iron content calculated as Iron (mg) = (V_sample - V_blank) × N_thiosulfate × 55.85. HPLC with C18 column and 20 mM potassium dihydrogen phosphate mobile phase for citrate quantification. ICP-MS for elemental iron content and heavy metal analysis |
| Purity | ≥ 80% ferrous citrate; elemental iron 16.0%–20.0% |
| Appearance / Color | White to slightly colored powder or crystalline solid; light green to gray-green powder grades available |
| Odor | Odorless |
| Dosage Form | Liposomal powder, water-dispersible |
| Recommended Dosage | 100–200 mg elemental iron per day in 1–2 divided doses after meals; individual doses from 14 mg elemental iron also available |
| Application | Iron deficiency anemia, hemoglobin formation, oxygen transport, Energy Metabolism, pregnancy support, pediatric iron supplementation, food fortification |
| Extract Source | Synthetic (iron(II) source reacted with citric acid or citrate salt); sunflower phospholipid liposomal carrier system |
| Molecular Formula | C₆H₆FeO₇ |
| Molecular Weight | 245.95 g/mol |
| Lead Time | In stock: 3–7 business days; Bulk/custom orders: 2–3 weeks |
| Shipping Method | International Express (FedEx / DHL / UPS); air and sea freight available; worldwide shipping including remote areas. Shipped in tightly sealed containers protected from moisture and light, as a non-hazardous chemical under normal conditions |
| Storage | Store in a cool, dry place away from direct sunlight and moisture; keep container tightly sealed. Shelf life: 24 months |
| Packaging | 1 kg/bag, 25 kg/drum |
High Purity — Standardized to ≥80% ferrous citrate, with elemental iron content of 16.0%–20.0%.
Liposomal Enhancement — Phospholipid bilayer encapsulation protects ferrous iron from oxidation and enhances cellular delivery through lipid-mediated pathways, achieving a 54% increase in serum iron levels compared to free ferric citrate in preclinical studies.
Superior Bioavailability — Ferrous iron is more readily absorbed by the gastrointestinal tract compared to ferric iron, and the citrate component aids in solubility and absorption.
Gentle on the Stomach — Ferrous citrate is often preferred in clinical settings for its enhanced bioavailability and reduced gastrointestinal side effects, making it suitable for individuals who cannot tolerate other iron supplements.
Clinically Validated for Anemia — Sodium ferrous citrate, a related ferrous citrate compound, significantly improves hemoglobin and hematocrit levels in patients with iron deficiency anemia after 4 to 8 weeks of supplementation with 50 mg elemental iron.
Water-Dispersible — Suitable for capsules, tablets, powder drink mixes, functional beverages, and food fortification applications.
Batch Traceability — Complete COA, HPLC chromatogram, and identity data provided for each batch.
Clinical guidelines for ferrous citrate and sodium ferrous citrate recommend 100–200 mg of elemental iron per day in one or two divided doses after meals for adults. Commercial products providing 14 mg elemental iron per tablet are available, with a suggested intake of one tablet daily with a meal. For pediatric use, liquid formulations are preferred for infants and young children because they are easier to administer and absorb. Iron intake above 20 mg may cause mild gastrointestinal disturbances in some individuals. The Tolerable Upper Intake Level (UL) for iron is 45 mg per day for adults. Liposomal formulations may allow for more efficient utilization of lower doses due to enhanced bioavailability.
Stock Orders: 3–7 business days after payment confirmation.
Bulk / Custom Orders: 2–3 weeks, depending on quantity and customization requirements.
Shipping Methods: International Express (FedEx, DHL, UPS), air freight, and sea freight.
Coverage: Worldwide shipping, including remote areas.
Shipping Conditions: Ferrous citrate should be shipped in tightly sealed containers, protected from moisture and light, and handled as a non-hazardous chemical under normal conditions.
Ferrous Citrate Encyclopedia — Scientific Background
Ferrous citrate (CAS 23383-11-1), also known as iron(II) citrate or iron(2+) 2-hydroxy-1,2,3-propanetricarboxylate, is the ferrous salt of citric acid. It is chemically characterized by the molecular formula C₆H₆FeO₇ and a molecular weight of 245.95 g/mol. The compound is formed from the coordination of the ferrous ion (Fe²⁺) with the citrate anion and is typically a white to slightly colored crystalline solid or powder. A key characteristic of ferrous citrate is its relative instability in the presence of air, where it can oxidize to the ferric (Fe³⁺) form; however, the hydrated form exhibits greater stability against air oxidation.
Ferrous citrate provides iron in the Fe²⁺ state, while ferric citrate provides iron in the Fe³⁺ state. The ferrous form is more readily absorbed by the gastrointestinal tract compared to ferric iron. This is because ferric iron must first be reduced to ferrous iron by duodenal cytochrome b (DcytB) or dietary reducing agents such as vitamin C before it can be transported across the enterocyte membrane by the divalent metal transporter 1 (DMT1). By delivering iron already in the ferrous state, ferrous citrate bypasses this rate-limiting reduction step and provides a more bioavailable iron source.
Iron is the central atom in the heme group of hemoglobin, enabling oxygen transport from the lungs to tissues. Ferrous citrate supplementation increases hemoglobin levels and replenishes iron stores, making it effective for treating iron-deficiency anemia.
The citrate component of ferrous citrate aids in its solubility and absorption. Citrate helps maintain iron solubility in the alkaline environment of the small intestine and can facilitate iron uptake through the paracellular pathway.
Ferrous citrate is noted for its enhanced bioavailability and reduced gastrointestinal side effects compared to other iron salts, making it suitable for individuals who cannot tolerate other iron supplements.
Sodium ferrous citrate, a related ferrous citrate compound, is clinically used for the treatment of iron deficiency anemia. A study demonstrated that hemoglobin levels and hematocrits of patients with iron deficiency anemia were markedly improved after taking sodium ferrous citrate containing 50 mg of elemental iron alone for 4 to 8 weeks.
In pediatric care, ferrous citrate is used to prevent and treat iron deficiency in children, who are particularly vulnerable to iron-deficiency anemia due to rapid growth and increased iron requirements. Liquid formulations are preferred for infants and young children because they are easier to administer and absorb.
A study using rotary-evaporated film-ultrasonication for the preparation of ferric citrate liposomes and heme liposomes demonstrated that this approach can be used as a supplement with iron-fortified food to relieve iron deficiency. Ferric citrate liposomes demonstrated a 54% increase in serum iron levels compared to free ferric citrate.
Liposomal encapsulation of ferrous citrate provides a fundamentally different delivery mechanism from conventional forms. The phospholipid bilayer surrounds the iron-citrate complex, forming a shield that protects it from oxidation and gastric degradation. This delivery system:
Protects ferrous iron from oxidation to the less absorbable ferric form
Enhances intestinal absorption through lipid-mediated pathways
Provides targeted delivery to iron-requiring tissues
Reduces gastrointestinal side effects by minimizing direct mucosal contact
Ferrous citrate is generally well tolerated at commonly used doses. Ferrous citrate is noted for its reduced gastrointestinal side effects compared to other iron salts, making it a suitable choice for individuals who cannot tolerate other iron supplements. Iron intake above 20 mg may cause mild gastrointestinal disturbances in some individuals. The Tolerable Upper Intake Level (UL) for iron is 45 mg per day for adults. Iron status should be monitored through hemoglobin, ferritin, and transferrin saturation to guide dosing, as even well-tolerated forms should not be supplemented without confirmed deficiency due to the risks of iron overload.
In the United States, ferrous citrate is listed in 21 CFR 184.1307c and is affirmed as Generally Recognized As Safe (GRAS) for use as a nutrient supplement. It is described as a slightly colored powder or white crystals prepared from the reaction of sodium citrate with ferrous sulfate or by other suitable means. Testing protocols must adhere to international standards including USP, European Pharmacopoeia, and FAO/WHO Codex Alimentarius. Formulators should verify local regulatory requirements prior to market entry.
This product is intended for research, nutraceutical, and functional food applications. Not intended to diagnose, treat, cure, or prevent any disease.
59$/KG
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